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backward transformation

См. также в других словарях:

  • Operational transformation — Operation Transformation redirects here. For the cross media event, see Operation Transformation (TV series). Operational transformation (OT) is a technology for supporting a range of collaboration functionalities in advanced groupware systems.… …   Wikipedia

  • Forward-backward algorithm — In computer science, the forward backward algorithm, a dynamic programming algorithm for computing the probability of a particular observation sequence, given the parameters of the model, operates in the context of hidden Markov models. Overview… …   Wikipedia

  • Working backward from the goal — is an application of the backward chaining strategy in artificial intelligence. When problem solving, working backward is one way to reach the goal of solving a problem. Use by primates Kanzi, a bonobo (pygmy chimpanzee, Pan paniscus )… …   Wikipedia

  • Lorentz transformation under symmetric configuration — In physics, the Lorentz transformation converts between two different observers measurements of space and time, where one observer is in constant motion with respect to the other.Assume there are two observers O 1 and O 2, each using their own… …   Wikipedia

  • Crooks fluctuation theorem — The Crooks equation (CE)[1] is an equation in statistical mechanics that relates the work done on a system during a non equilibrium transformation to the free energy difference between the final and the initial state of the transformation. During …   Wikipedia

  • Europe, history of — Introduction       history of European peoples and cultures from prehistoric times to the present. Europe is a more ambiguous term than most geographic expressions. Its etymology is doubtful, as is the physical extent of the area it designates.… …   Universalium

  • ECONOMIC HISTORY — This article is arranged according to the following outline: first temple period exile and restoration second temple period talmudic era muslim middle ages medieval christendom economic doctrines early modern period sephardim and ashkenazim… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • education — /ej oo kay sheuhn/, n. 1. the act or process of imparting or acquiring general knowledge, developing the powers of reasoning and judgment, and generally of preparing oneself or others intellectually for mature life. 2. the act or process of… …   Universalium

  • literature — /lit euhr euh cheuhr, choor , li treuh /, n. 1. writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest, are characteristic or essential features, as poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays. 2.… …   Universalium

  • United States — a republic in the N Western Hemisphere comprising 48 conterminous states, the District of Columbia, and Alaska in North America, and Hawaii in the N Pacific. 267,954,767; conterminous United States, 3,022,387 sq. mi. (7,827,982 sq. km); with… …   Universalium

  • Nadar (caste) — Nadar Community …   Wikipedia

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